"If the loop cannot self-explain, realign when an issue happens and have guardrails to resolve that issue, then you're not L4. You're mostly automation with risk."
At MWC Barcelona 2026, Rakuten Mobile announced it had earned TM Forum validation for Level 4 autonomy in energy efficiency, delivering a 20% reduction in RAN energy consumption. In this episode of Zero-Touch Live, Geoff Hollingworth speaks with Ahmed Gamal Abdelaziz, VP of automation and transformation at Rakuten Symphony, to walk through the five operational layers that underpin a genuine L4 system and what it takes to build, govern and trust these emerging systems.
Geoff and Ahmed unpacked what real autonomous network design looks like behind the scenes, emphasizing:
The biggest takeaway from the conversation? Level 4 represents an important milestone, and evidence that a system has been designed, governed and stress-tested to operate autonomously in high-value scenarios while continuing to learn from each decision it makes.
👉 Watch the full interview to learn more about what it takes to build toward autonomous network operations for telecom.



